Bipolar Disorder

People suffering from bipolar disorder experience alternating periods of severe depression and so-called mania. These periods each last a matter of weeks or months and are different to mood swings. During a period of depression, you will likely only feel depressed, and during a period of mania, you will feel manic throughout.

A manic episode is a period of days or weeks in which you are always “on,” feel euphoric, have trouble sleeping, make impulsive and reckless decisions, and experience racing thoughts. You may also experience a manic episode during which you feel irritable, aggressive, and agitated.

Approximately 2.8% of American adults suffer from bipolar disorder every year. Medication and therapy can help you manage the disorder effectively.

There are 3 main types of Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar I Disorder

This is the type of bipolar disorder that is characterized by both major depression and severe manic episodes. Periods of depression in bipolar disorder resemble major depressive episodes, with persistent low mood, fatigue, lack of motivation, and difficulty feeling pleasure.

Periods of mania last at least 7 days and are characterized by excessive energy, euphoria, and insomnia. You feel like you are thinking quickly and seeing patterns that no one else sees. You might also feel invincible or as if you can do anything you choose without consequences. This can lead to bad decision making and reckless behavior you would never have otherwise considered. You might also feel very agitated and irritated. Some sufferers of Bipolar I disorder also experience delusions and hallucinations.

Bipolar II Disorder

Bipolar II disorder also includes periods of major depression, often more severe than those experienced by bipolar I sufferers. However, it is characterized by a less severe type of mania known as hypomania. This resembles a feeling of being high, may cause racing thoughts and high energy, and impulsivity. It can feel very good and harmless while you are going through it but may lead to bad decisions with serious consequences.

Cyclothymic Disorder

People suffering from cyclothymic disorder experience periods of hypomanic symptoms, as well as periods of depressive symptoms, over a timeframe of 2 years. However, they do not experience full-blown depressive or hypomanic episodes.

Treatment

Bipolar disorder is troubling and distressing but can be effectively treated with a combination of medication, therapy, and lifestyle improvements.

Mood stabilizers and antipsychotics are used to treat bipolar I disorder, while antidepressants can be used with caution. Antidepressants are, however, an effective treatment for bipolar II disorder, in conjunction with mood stabilizers.

Therapy will help you regulate your emotions before they become overwhelming, as well as giving you the chance to deal with issues that have come about because of your illness. It will also help you find meaning and live the life you have always dreamed of.